This post contains affiliate links. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases at no extra cost to you.
In this lesson, you will learn how to use the Japanese grammar ~は~にあります/います.
You’ve come to the aquarium. You need to use the restroom, but you don’t know where it is. There’s a staff member nearby, so let’s ask them.
Here’s what you can say in this situation:
“すみません、トイレはどこにありますか。"
Today let's learn about "~は~にあります/います".
👉<Use>
We have learned that “~に~が あります” and “~に~が います” indicate existence.
When the thing or person is the topic, the subject is indicated by "は" rather than "が."
For a word to serve as the topic of a sentence, both the speaker and the listener must understand what that word refers to.
For example, this applies when asking or answering questions about the location of objects or people.
“すみません、トイレはどこにありますか。" means "Excuse me, where is the restroom?"
This grammar point is also introduced in beginner textbooks. If you want to review grammar more systematically, having one good textbook really helps:
▶︎ Minna no Nihongo I (Main Textbook)
▶︎ Minna no Nihongo I – Translation & Grammar Notes (English)
👉<Form>
The subject object or person is indicated at the very beginning of the sentence by the particle "は".
The noun indicating the location of the subject—whether an object or a person—follows the subject and is marked by the particle “に.”
Noun+は + Noun(place)に + あります/います
When answering a question, the subject is usually omitted because the topic is clear.
Q:トイレは どこに ありますか。
A:2階(かい)に あります。
Q:Where is the restroom?
A:It is on the second floor.
To indicate the position or direction
Words indicating position or direction are placed after the noun denoting a location using the particle “に”.
In such cases, the noun denoting the place is indicated by the particle “の”.
Noun+は + Noun(place)の + Noun(position)に + あります/います
Q:家のかぎはどこにありますか。
A:テーブルの上にあります。
Q:いえの かぎは どこにありますか。
A:テーブルの うえにあります。
Q:Where is the house key?
A:It is on the table.
👉<Examples>
1.Q:ゴミ箱はどこにありますか。
A:あそこにあります。
Q:ゴミばこは どこに ありますか。
A:あそこにあります。
Q:Where is the rubbish bin?
A:It's over there.
2.Q:田中さんはどこにいますか。
A:事務所にいます。
Q:たなかさんは どこにいますか。
A:じむしょに います。
Q:Where is Ms. Tanaka?
A:She is in the office.
3.Q:ATMはどこにありますか。
A:コンビニにあります。
Q:ATMは どこにありますか。
A:コンビニに あります。
Q:Where is the ATM?
A:It is in the convenience store.
4.Q:ワン先生はどこにいますか。
A:教室にいます。
Q:ワンせんせいは どこにいますか。
A:きょうしつに います。
Q:Where is Mr.Wang?
A:He is in the classroom.
(In the introduction of a town)
5.私の町は札幌です。札幌は北海道にあります。
わたしの まちは さっぽろです。さっぽろは ほっかいどうに あります。
My hometown is Sapporo. Sapporo is located in Hokkaido.
(While looking at the photos)
6.この人は私の兄です。兄は今ドイツにいます。
この ひとは わたしの あにです。あには いま ドイツに います。
This person is my older brother. He is in Germany now.
3.Q:卵はどこにありますか。
A:冷蔵庫の中にあります。
Q:たまごは どこにありますか。
A:れいぞうこの なかにあります。
Q:Where are the eggs?
A:They are in the refrigerator.
4.Q:加藤さんはどこにいますか。
A:本屋の前にいます。
Q:かとうさんは どこにいますか。
A:ほんやの まえにいます。
Q:Where is Ms. Kato?
A:She is in front of the bookstore.
5.私の国は韓国です。韓国は日本の西にあります。
わたしの くには かんこくです。かんこくは にほんの にしにあります。
My country is Korea. Korea is west of Japan.
Speaking Practice
Practice Japanese on italki
If you want to practice this grammar in real conversation, learning with a tutor can help you improve faster. Many learners find that regular speaking practice is the fastest way to become confident in Japanese.
Find a Japanese Tutor on italki →Suggested Study Material
Minna no Nihongo I (Main Textbook)
This grammar point appears in Minna no Nihongo(Lesson10), one of the most widely used beginner textbooks for Japanese learners.
Check textbook detailsThe main textbook is written mostly in Japanese, so many learners also use the Translation & Grammar Notes together.
Minna no Nihongo I – Translation & Grammar Notes (English)
Check translation & grammar book※Minna no Nihongo is available worldwide on Amazon. If the link does not work in your country, you can search the title on your local Amazon store.