Verb て(te)form<動詞て形>【Japanese grammar commentary】

2022年11月6日日曜日

Elementary grammar

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Verb て(te)form <動詞て形(どうし てけい)>

The conjugational forms of verbs that end in "て" or "で" are called "て形(けい)(て-form)".
Here we will explain how to make "て形(て form)" from "ます形(ます form)".
The method varies depending on the verb group.

 

 

<Ⅱ, Ⅲグループ>

For Ⅱ,Ⅲ group of verbs, simply change the "ます"to "て".
(Add "て" to the stem, which is the part before ます in the ます form.)

 


 

<Ⅰグループ>

Verbs in Ⅰ group are conjugated differently depending on the character before "ます".
(The conjugation changes depending on the last part of the stem)

 

①When the last character (sound) of the word stem,that is, the charactere immediately before "ます" is the character for "い", "ち", or "り", that part will be changed to "って".



②When the last character (sound) of the word stem,that is, the charactere immediately before "ます" is the character for "み", "び", or "に", that part will be changed to "んで".


③When the last character (sound) of the word stem,that is, the charactere immediately before "ます" is the character for "き", that part will be changed to "いて".

※Note, if the verb is "行きます(いきます, go)," it is specially changed to "行って”.



④When the last character (sound) of the word stem,that is, the charactere immediately before "ます" is the character for "ぎ", that part will be changed to "いで".



⑤When the last character (sound) of the word stem,that is, the charactere immediately before "ます" is the character for "し", that part will be changed to "して".